Five years after the publication of the second edition of the reference boo
k Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and Molecular Biology, and on t
he eve of launching a successor venture, the editors and colleagues examine
where we stand in our quest for an understanding of these organisms. The m
ain areas selected for this brief inquiry are genomics, evolution, molecula
r multifunctionality, functional backups, regulation of gene expression, ce
ll biology, sensing of the environment, and ecology.