Impact of root exudates of different cultivars and plant development stages of rice (Oryza sativa L.) on methane production in a paddy soil

The impact of root exudates, collected from five rice cultivars, on methane (CH4) production was studied in a paddy soil under anaerobic conditions. R oot exudates of the cultivars Dular, IR72 and IR65598 collected at four gro wth stages and of B40 and IR65600 collected at two growth stages showed tha t (a) CH4 production was commenced rapidly within 2 h upon exudate addition and reached a maximum within a day of addition, and (b) 7-d incubation per iods were sufficient to study exudate-induced CH4 production potentials. Am ong different cultivars, high C releases from roots, increased the methanog enic source strength of the soil, which finally controlled CH4 production. The relationship of the amount of CH4 produced was stronger for the amount of total organic C (r = 0.920) than for the amount of organic acids (r = 0. 868) added through exudates. Apparently, CH4 production and CH4 emission ar e more closely related to the release pattern of root exudate-C than to its individual components. The proportion of exudate-C converted to CH4 ranged between 61 and 83% and remained unaffected by cultivars and growth stages suggesting that the majority of exudate-C served as a methanogenic substrat e in the anoxic rice soils. These observations indicate that the use of hig h-yielding cultivars with lowest excretion (for example IR65598, IR65600) w ould result in lowest exudate-induced CH4 production. Therefore, cultivar c hoice could greatly influence regional and global CH4 emissions and screeni ng/selection of exiting rice cultivars, and/or breeding new cultivars with low exudation rates could offer an important methane mitigation option as l ong as yields are not compromised.