I. Suh et al., Moderate dietary fat consumption as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease in a population with a low fat intake: a case-control study in Korean men, AM J CLIN N, 73(4), 2001, pp. 722-727
Background: Dietary fat intake is associated with the incidence of ischemic
heart disease (IHD) in Western countries. In populations in which both the
average dietary fat consumption and the incidence of IHD are lower than in
Western countries, the association of dietary fat intake with LHD incidenc
e remains unknown.
Objective: We conducted a case-control study to examine the association of
dietary fat with IHD incidence in Korean men.
Design: The case group consisted of 108 patients with electrocardiogram-con
firmed myocardial infarction or angiographically confirmed (greater than or
equal to 50% stenosis) IHD who were admitted to a university teaching hosp
ital in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The controls were 142 age-matched patient
s admitted to the departments of ophthalmology and orthopedic surgery at th
e same hospital. Dietary fat intake was assessed by a nutritionist using a
semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI), cigar
ette use, alcohol intake, exercise, and history of disease were determined
during an interview and examination.
Results: In a univariate analysis, the mean percentages of energy from tota
l fat, saturated fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids were signific
antly higher in the cases than in the controls. BMI, smoking, and a history
of hypertension were associated with the occurrence of MD. In multiple log
istic analyses, total fat intake was a significant risk factor (odds ratio:
1.08 for 1% of energy intake; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.14) after adjustment for BMI
and smoking.
Conclusion: In a population with a relatively low fat intake (19% of energy
intake), a moderate increase in total fat intake may be a risk factor for
IHD.