Erythrocytes express the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines. Endotoxin i
njection into humans induced high levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), growth-re
lated oncogene alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in circulating
erythrocytes. IL-8 was also recovered from mononuclear and polymorphonucle
ar cells. Cell-associated chemokines may more accurately reflect their prod
uction than plasma concentrations.