Transient waves in a functionally graded cylinder

A hybrid numerical method (HNM) is presented for analyzing transient waves in a cylinder made of functionally graded material(FGM). In the HNM, the FG M cylinder is divided into N cylindrical elements with three-nodal line in the wall thickness. The elemental material properties are assumed to vary l inearly in the thickness direction to better model the spatial variation of material properties of FGM. The Hamilton variational principle is used to develop governing equations of the cylinder. The displacement responses are determined by employing the Fourier transformations together with the moda l analysis. The HNM is applied to analyze a number of FGM cylinders, and it s efficiency is demonstrated. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights res erved.