Percutaneous ultrasonographically guided radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs

Objective-To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasonographically guide d radiofrequency heat ablation of parathyroid masses in dogs with primary h yperparathyroidism. Design-Clinical trial. Animals-11 dogs. Procedure-In all dogs, either 1 or 2 parathyroid masses were evident ultras onographically. Dogs were anesthetized, and a 20-gauge over-the-needle cath eter was directed into the parathyroid mass via ultrasonographic guidance. Radiofrequency heal was applied to the stylet of the catheter until there w as sonographically apparent change to the entire parenchyma of the mass. Se rum total and ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations were m onitored daily for 5 days after the ablation procedure and again at 1, 2, a nd 3-month intervals, if possible. Dogs were monitored for adverse effects. Results-One treatment was required in 6 dogs, 2 treatments were required in 2 dogs, and treatment was unsuccessful in 3 dogs. Serum total and ionized calcium concentrations were within reference ranges within 2 days of the la st procedure in all 8 successfully treated dogs. Serum parathyroid hormone concentration was decreased 24 hours after treatment in all 8 dogs. Hypocal cemia developed in 5 of the 8 successfully treated dogs, all of which requi red treatment. One dog had a transient voice change. Other adverse effects were not reported. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Ultrasonographically guided radiofrequen cy heat ablation of parathyroid masses is a safe and effective alternative to surgery in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism.