Ac. Mcfarlane et al., PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY FOLLOWING A NATURAL DISASTER - AN AUSTRALIAN BUSHFIRE, Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 32(5), 1997, pp. 261-268
This study investigated the prevalence of mental health problems after
a major bushfire in Australia and examined the validity of the Genera
l Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (Goldberg 1978) against the Anxiety, Affe
ctive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder modules of the Diagnostic Int
erview Schedule (DIS; Robins et al. 1981). Study 1 was carried out 1:!
months after the Ash Wednesday bushfires and sought to include all th
e victims of the fires. Study 2 was conducted 20 months after the fire
s and included a sample of victims who had experienced major losses in
the fires. Twelve months after the fires, 42% (n = 1,526) of the vict
ims were defined as a potential psychiatric case using the GHQ. This r
ate indicated a significantly greater level of morbidity than found in
communities that have not experienced a natural disaster. Twenty mont
hs after the fires, 23% (n = 43) were defined as ''cases''. The 28-ite
m GHQ was found to be a valid instrument for defining the presence of
psychiatric disorder in a disaster-effected community. The findings de
monstrated that lasting psychiatric morbidity is associated with natur
al disasters.