Two major changes in the epidemiology of non-typhoidal salmonellosis have o
ccurred during the second half of the 20th century. First, Salmonella typhi
murium strains resistant to multiple antibiotics have emerged and spread wi
thin populations of food animals. Secondly, Salmonella enteritidis has emer
ged as a major egg-associated pathogen. This article reviews available data
on the origins of the human epidemics. (C) 2001 Editions scientifiques et
medicales Elsevier SAS.