Diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions throughout much of the w
orld, and people from developing countries and disadvantaged groups from de
veloped countries are affected disproportionately. Not only is diabetes mor
e common in these populations, but it develops at an earlier age. According
ly, patients have more years of life in which to develop the chronic compli
cations of diabetes and the risk of complications is often further enhanced
by limited access to health care. Renal disease is a frequent consequence
of diabetes in these populations, and a number of factors related to povert
y, malnutrition and accelerated lifestyle changes may lead to even greater
rates in the future.