We report two cases of malignant lymphoma of B phenotype occurring after th
erapeutic pneumothorax for tuberculosis. In both cases, outcome was fatal w
ithout time for specific treatment. Mainly reported in Japan, this patholog
y seems to be less frequent in western countries. As for B phenotype lympho
ma associated with immunodeficiency, association with Epstein Barr virus is
reported. Definite diagnosis is difficult and requires surgical biopsy. Pr
ognosis remains poor with a survival ranging from 3 to 6 month.