Osteoporosis is a major public health problem because of its association wi
th fracture. Future risk of fracture may now be predicted by the use of non
invasive techniques for the measurement of bone mineral density. Some of th
e risk factors for peak bone mass, involutional bone loss, and fracture are
now characterized. Innovative agents are being developed for the retardati
on of bone loss so that it is becoming possible to develop preventive strat
egies for the entire population and those at highest risk.