Digital watermarking based on neural networks for color images

In this paper, we propose a novel digital watermarking technique based on n eural networks for color images. Our technique hides an invisible watermark into a color image, and then effectively cooperates neural networks to lea rn the characteristics of the embedded watermark related to the watermarked image. Due to neural networks possessing the learning and adaptive capabil ities, the trained neural networks almost exactly recover the watermark fro m the watermarked image against image processing attacks. Extensive experim ental results illustrate that our technique significantly possesses robustn ess to be immune against the attacks. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All ri ghts reserved.