Sy. Lee et al., Depletion of plasma factor XIII prevents disseminated intravascular coagulation-induced organ damage, THROMB HAEM, 85(3), 2001, pp. 464-469
The impact of clot stability affecting the vasculopathy and tissue necrosis
in Shwartzman reaction was investigated using plasma Factor XIII A(2)-depl
eted rabbit (FXIII-DR). Plasma Factor XIIIA(2) (FXIIIA(2)) was depleted by
infusion of the mono-specific goat anti-rabbit FXIIIA, IgG. Generalized Shw
artzman reaction (GSR) was induced by priming and challenged by i.v. inject
ion of LPS and local Shwartzman reaction (LSR) was primed by intradermal in
jection of LPS and challenged by i.v. injection of LPS. Histological examin
ation of the GSR animals showed, extensive thrombi accumulation in renal tu
bules and bilateral cortical necrosis of kidney in 8 out of 10 rabbits but
none in the FXIII-DR. Fibrinogen levels were elevated to 3 similar to4 fold
at 24 h and lowered at 48 h whereas a steady rise was seen in the FXIII-DR
. FDP levels in GSR animals were significantly elevated at 24 h and further
increased at 48 h but only slightly elevated in the FXIII-DR. Examination
of the LSR tissues after 48 h showed an acute onset of progressive cutaneou
s vascular thrombosis, purpura, and secondary hemorrhagic necrosis whereas
neither fibrin deposit nor necrosis of tissue were detected in FXIII-DR des
pite of an early edema formation. Fibrinogen levels were also increased two
fold at 24 h but returned to basal levels at 48 h in control LSR animals b
ut not affected at all in FXIII-DR. These results suggest that during the s
evere inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, the fibrinolytic system is fu
nctionally sufficient to dissipate the pathogenic accumulation of dissemina
ted intravascular clots and exudated fibrin clots if those clots were preve
nted from getting crosslinked in plasma.