Our process research on OPC-35564 revealed that a mixed borohydride reducin
g agent (ZrCl4/NaBH4) in DME (Itsuno system) afforded a rapid and direct co
nversion of N-alkyl-nitroisatin into nitroindole nucleus. Comparison with o
ther reducing agents indicated the superiority of the present system and th
e key function of ZrCl4. For the manipulation of base-labile isatin, a usef
ul procedure for its N-alkylation using Cu2CO3 is also presented. (C) 2001
Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.