V. El Ghouzzi et al., Mutations in the basic domain and the loop-helix II junction of TWIST abolish DNA binding in Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, FEBS LETTER, 492(1-2), 2001, pp. 112
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is an autosomal dominant skull disorder resulting
from premature fusion of coronal sutures (craniosynostosis), It is caused b
y mutations in the TWIST gene encoding a basic Helix-Loop-Helix transcripti
on factor. Here me report on the identification of a novel mutation affecti
ng a highly conserved residue of the basic domain. Unlike nonsense and miss
ense mutations lying within helices, this mutation does not affect protein
stability or heterodimerisation of TWIST with its partner E12, However, it
does abolish TWIST binding capacity to a target E-box as efficiently as two
missense mutations in the loop-helix II junction. By contrast, elongation
of the loop through a 7 amino acid insertion appears not to hamper binding
to the DNA target. We conclude that loss of TWIST protein function in Saeth
re-Chotzen patients can occur at three different levels, namely protein sta
bility, dimerisation, and DNA binding and that the loop-helix II junction i
s essential for effective protein-DNA interaction, (C) 2001 Federation of E
uropean Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B. V. All righ
ts reserved.