Acute renal damage dose response in rats to intravenous infusion of sodiumfluoride

Rapid acute renal injury in Wistar rats from fluoride (F) following single- dose NaF infusions of 0 mg F (control), 1 mg F (Group 1), 2 mg F (Group 2), and 3 mg F (Group 1) was assessed by examining three collections of bladde r urine at 2-h intervals for six hours after the infusions. The urinary par ameters investigated were: urine volume, excretion of F, creatinine, and al pha -glutathione S-transferase (a-GST), and the activity of N-acetyl-beta - D-glucosamidase (NAG). Compared with the control, the urine volume increase d (polyuria) in Group 1 but decreased in groups 2 and 3. F excretion increa sed in groups 1 and 2 but was lower in Group 3 than in Group 1. In Group 3, creatinine excretion decreased compared with the control, but the activiti es of a-GST and NAG steadily increased in Group 3. The decreases in F and c reatinine excretion in Group 3 are attributable to glomerular dysfunction, and the increases in alpha -GST and NAG activities in Group 3 indicate acut e proximal renal tube injury. The kidney toxicity of intravenous administra tion of NaF to laboratory rats was thus dose related, and an infusion of 3 mg F was sufficient to cause acute renal dysfunction.