Steady-state performance of a grid-connected rooftop hybrid wind-photovoltaic power system with battery storage

This paper reports the performance of a 4-kW grid-connected residential Win d-Photovoltaic system (WPS) with battery storage located in Lowell, MA. The system was originally designed to meet a typical New-England (TNE) load de mand with a loss of power supply probability (LPSP) of one day in ten years as recommended by the Utility Company The data used in the calculation was wind speed and irradiance of Login Airport Boston (LAB) obtained from the National Climate Center in North Carolina. The present performance study is based on two-year operation. (May 1996-Apr 1998) of the WPS. Unlike conventional generation, the wind and the sunrays are available at n o cost and generate electricity pollution-free. Around noontime the WPS sat isfies its load and provides additional energy to the storage or to the gri d. On-site energy production is undoubtedly accompanied with minimization o f environmental pollution, reduction of losses in power systems transmissio n and distribution equipment, and supports the utility in Demand Side Manag ement (DSM), This paper includes discussion on system reliability, power qu ality, loss of supply, and effects of the randomness of the wind and the so lar radiation on system design.