Advanced safety features of an ammonia tank

Three safety aspects of a recently completed refrigerated ammonia tank in G ladstone, Queensland, Australia are discussed: Leak before Freak design inv olving fracture and leakage considerations thus helping to justify indefini te operation without the need to internally inspect; Time-of-Flight Diffrac tion weld quality assurance thus eliminating ionising radiation; and an exa mination of rollover in such tanks to demonstrate that it need not be consi dered as a credible failure mechanism. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. AU ri ghts reserved.