The interaction of copper with dislocations was studied in silicon-dop
ed gallium arsenide by means of cathodoluminescence, analytical, and t
ransmission electron microscopy. Several structures of defect complexe
s or microdefects surrounding the dislocations were found depending on
the diffusion temperature and cooling rate. The results could be expl
ained by considering the local nonequilibrium of intrinsic point defec
ts induced by Cu in- or outdiffusion. The appearance of a bright or da
rk dislocation contrast in the cathodoluminescence pictures is related
for different diffusion conditions: i) to the enrichment of copper ac
cepters at dislocations, ii) to the distribution of silicon-vacancy co
mplexes, and iii) to non-radiative recombination at Cu-As precipitates
or clouds of small dislocation loops.