Background. - Immunological dysfunction is known to be present in Lang
erhans cell histiocytosis; some autoimmune diseases with autoantibodie
s associated with this condition have already been described. This imm
unological dysfunction could play a role in the Langerhans cell histio
cytosis pathogenesis. Case report. - A 13 year-old boy presented a mul
tifocal bone Langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with Graves' syn
drome. This last condition was successfully treated with carbimazole w
hile the local lesions of histiocytosis did not require any treatment.
Conclusion. - This unique association could be explained by the immun
ological dysfunction seen in Langerhans cell histiocytosis with second
ary appearance of thyreostimulating antibodies.