The progressive introduction of a management program for the maintenance an
d assessment of staff competence has also focussed attention on the human f
actor, a major consideration in risk management and quality control. This a
rticle has examined the relevant tools and practical means of application,
and proposes a methodology combining a methodical analysis of processes wit
h the determination of the minimal knowledge required for participation in
the practical and theoretical training programs that provide a means of obj
ective evaluation. The results obtained in terms of technical, organization
al and cultural impact have also been analyzed. (C) 2001 Editions scientifi
ques et medicales Elsevier SAS.