Advances in camera, video, and imaging technologies in laparoscopy

The introduction of technologic advances such as high-definition television , three-dimensional laparoscopy, and further miniaturization of high-resolu tion digital video cameras allows for significantly enhanced opportunities for laparoscopic surgical proficiency, and further broadening of laparoscop ic applications in urology These enhancements coupled with the recent advan ces in telemedicine and surgical simulation will improve laparoscopic train ing and skill acquisition, decrease operative times and costs, minimize mor bidity, and improve overall patient care. This monograph reviews recent adv ances in laparoscopic imaging technologies, teleconsultation, and laparosco pic surgical simulation.