Agc. Sutton et al., Early and late reactions after the use of iopamidol 340, ioxaglate 320, and iodixanol 320 in cardiac catheterization, AM HEART J, 141(4), 2001, pp. 677-683
Citations number
13
Categorie Soggetti
Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems","Cardiovascular & Hematology Research
Background Although modern contrast agents have tolerability superior to ol
der agents, significant differences remain between the agents currently in
use.
Methods To investigate the incidence of early (<24 hours) and late (>24 hou
rs to 7 days) reactions to 3 contrast agents commonly used in cardiac cathe
terization, we performed a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial in w
hich 2001 patients received one of the following agents. iopamidol 340, a n
onionic monomer; ioxaglate 320, an ionic dimer; and iodixanol 320, a nonion
ic dimer. Possible reactions to contrast were recorded during the hospital
admission and after discharge by means of a questionnaire, telephone follow
-up, or both.
Results Early reactions occurred in 22.2% of those receiving ioxaglate, 7.6
% of those receiving iodixanol, and 8.8% of those receiving iopamidol (P <
.0001). Late skin reactions occurred in 12.2% of those receiving iodixanol,
4.3% of those receiving ioxaglate, and 4.2% of those receiving iopamidol (
P < .0001).
Conclusions The early side effect profile of certain ionic contrast agents
suggests that these agents should no longer be used routinely in cardiac ca
theterization. The use of nonionic agents, however, is associated with late
skin reactions, but there are notable differences between the monomeric an
d dimeric compounds. Although the skin reactions are generally benign, this
is not always the case. Patients should be advised accordingly.