Evaluation of the wheezy infant

Background: The infant with persistent or recurrent wheezing during the fir st 2 years of life poses a diagnostic dilemma, which can be a source of anx iety to both physicians and parents. A suggested diagnostic approach to the causes of infantile wheezing is outlined. Objectives: 1. To review the physiologic considerations of the infant's air ways that predispose to wheezing. 2. To discuss the key physical findings, family history, and risk factors associated with wheezing in infants. 3. To develop a rational approach to the differential diagnosis and management o f infantile wheezing. Data Sources: The MEDLINE database as well as our clinical experience perta ining to infantile wheezing. Conclusions: This review discusses the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of the wheezing infant. We suggest that infant pulmonary function testing m ay be used as one diagnostic aid in the workup of the wheezing infant.