Dental evaluation of scuba diving mouthpieces using a subject assessment index and radiological analysis of jaw position

Objective-To compare two experimental scuba mouthpieces with a commercially available design. Methods-A laboratory study using six men to assess effort, muscle pain, mus cle fatigue, facial discomfort, tooth discomfort, and loss of lip sensation using a visual analogue scale. Cephalometric radiographs and analysis of j aw position with each mouth piece were also used. Results-Fully customised mouthpieces caused the least discomfort, muscle pa in, fatigue, and effort. They also resulted in the least mandibular displac ement front the resting position. Radiographic analysis of jaw position sho wed that the fully customised design resulted in the least displacement fro m normal jaw position. Conclusions-A fully customised design gives the greatest comfort, least eff ort, and least mandibular displacement. This design is recommended, particu larly for divers who experience temporomandibular dysfunction associated wi th diving.