Echocardiographic characteristics of male athletes of different age

Two dimensionally guided M mode and Doppler echocardiographic data for 578 male subjects (106 non-athletic and 472 athletes) were analysed from two as pects: (a) in the young adult category (19-30 years of age), competitors in different groups of sports were studied; (b) in the different age groups ( children, 10-14 years; adolescent juniors, 15-18 years; young adults, 19-30 years; adults, 31-44 years; older adults 45-60 years), data for athletes a nd non-athletes were compared. Morphological variables were related to body size by indices in which the exponents of the numerator and denominator we re matched. Morphological signs of athletic heart were most consistently ev ident in the left ventricular muscle mass: in the young adult group, the hi ghest values were seen in the followed by the ball game players, sprinters/ jumpers, and power athletes. A thicker muscular wall was the main reason fo r this hypertrophy. Internal diameter was only increased in the endurance a thletes, and this increase was more evident in the younger groups. The E/A quotient (ratio of peak velocity during early and late diastole) indicated more effective diastolic function in the endurance athletes. The values for EIA quotient also suggested that regular physical activity at an older age may protect against age dependent impairment of diastolic function.