Time-of-flight mass analyser for anion mass spectrometry and anion photoelectron spectroscopy

The ion optical design and characteristic features of a time-of-flight mass analyser for anion mass spectrometry and, in particular, for anion photoel ectron and anion zero kinetic energy electron spectroscopy are described. A special design was necessary to avoid the formation of electrons and neutr als by collisions of anions with any kind of surfaces on their way to and t hrough the photoelectron spectrometer and to the ion detector. (Int J Mass Spectrom 206 (2001) 231-234) (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.