Function mechanisms of polyamines in rosin sizing under neutral papermaking conditions

The surface analyses of the papers sized with a rosin emulsion (RE) and fiv e typical polyamines, polyallylamine (PAAm), polyvinylamine (PVAm), polyeth yleneimine (PEI), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC), and poly (dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA), were performed using a X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results show that the chemical states of th e polyamines on the outermost surfaces of the papers changed significantly during the neutral rosin sizing. The five polyamines could react with carbo xyl groups of the fibers to form urethane linkages at 400.0 +/- 0.1 eV, whi ch resulted in absorption of the polyamines onto the fibers. Only PAAm and PVAm could combine with RE to form urethane Linkages at 400.7-0.1 eV, which were related deeply to sizing effectiveness. The polyamines distributed ma inly on the surfaces of the fibers. The concentrations of PAAm and PVAm on the surfaces of the sized papers were much larger than those of PEI, PDMAEM A, and PDADMAC. A larger sizing degree was related to a larger C1 component at 285.0 eV (C-C) in the C1s XPS spectra of the sized papers. (C) 2001 Joh n Wiley & Sons, Inc.