Effect of gamma-irradiation on the electronic structure of (Bi1.65Pb0.35)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 superconductor

An XPS investigation was carried out on (Bi1.65Pb0.35)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 supercon ductors, in an effort to study the effect of gamma-irradiation. There is no significant change in the binding energies of Bi 4f, Ca 2p, Cu 2p, O Is, P b 4f, and Sr 3p core levels up to the gamma dose of 50 Mrad. However, for t he gamma dose of 60 Mrad, the Bi 4f region shows two sets of spin-orbit spl it levels, one set at about 1.3 eV lower and the other at about 1.7 eV high er binding energies than that of the law-dose samples. Furthermore, for thi s high-dose sample, (i) the O Is region clearly shows the evidence of the r emoval of O by gamma irradiation and (ii) the Cu 2p region shows no satelli te, which is typical of Cu2+ valence states and a low energy shoulder that is a signature of Cu1+ valence states, in contrast to the low-dose samples. These observations suggest a reduction of hole-concentration in the Cu-O p lanes through the O removal at a gamma dose between 50 and 60 Mrad. (C) 200 1 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.