X-ray photoelectron studies of spin state changes in 3d metal systems

We have used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the electronic structure of invar alloys based on transition metals with different number s of d electrons and different types of magnetic order: Fe65Ni35, the ferro magnetic invar and Fe50Mn50, the antiferromagnetic invar. The XPS spectra o f both the core levels and the valence bands of these alloys were obtained with an X-ray electron magnetic spectrometer. The values of the exchange in tegrals of intershell interactions are derived from the parameters of the X PS spectra. Unusual aspects of the electronic structure of invar alloys wer e found. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.