Restructuring the forest - Goshawks and the restoration of southwestern ponderosa pine

With adoption of the "goshawk guidelines" in 1996,the Southwest Region of t he USDA Forest Service has embarked on an ambitious effort to restore south western ponderosa pine forests. The objective is a multiscale mosaic of age and structural classes under an unevenaged silvicultural system intended t o approximate the composition, structure, and landscape patterns of southwe stern ponderosa pine forests before there were fundamental changes in natur al disturbance regimes. Implementation will require innovative silvicultura l approaches to create appropriate forest structures at various spatial lev els well into the future.