Cbl: Many adaptations to regulate protein tyrosine kinases

Responses to extracellular stimuli are often transduced from cell-surface r eceptors to protein tyrosine kinases which, when activated, initiate the fo rmation of protein complexes that transmit signals throughout the cell. A p rominent component of these complexes is the product of the proto-oncogene c-Cbl, which specifically targets activated protein tyrosine kinases and re gulates their signalling. How, then, does this multidomain protein shape th e responses generated by these signalling complexes?