We have studied the allele distribution of DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 loci in 80 u
nrelated Gypsies living in different eastern areas of the Andalusian provin
ce of Granada (southern Spain), The frequency distribution of HLA class II
alleles and the genetic distance of Andalusian Gypsies from several Caucasi
an populations indicate a marked similarity - but not total - of the former
with the Gypsy population previously studied in Madrid (central Spain), wh
ich suggests that both groups migrated together out of India. In terms of g
enetic distance, both Gypsy groups are more like the Czech Gypsies and the
Northern Indian groups than their neighbouring Caucasian non-Gypsy populati
ons. In summary our data support the hypothesis of a common anthropological
origin of all three European Gypsy groups, which probably split up after t
heir arrival in Europe.