Acquisition, optimization and interpretation of X-ray computed tomographicimagery: applications to the geosciences

High-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a novel technology ideall y suited to a wide range of geological investigations. It is a quick and no ndestructive method to produce images that correspond closely to serial sec tions through an object. Sequential contiguous images are compiled to creat e three-dimensional representations that can be manipulated digitally to pe rform efficiently a large array of measurement and visualization tasks. Opt imal data acquisition and interpretation require proper selection of scanni ng configuration, use of suitable X-ray sources and detectors, careful cali bration, and attention to origins and modes of artifact suppression. Visual ization of CT data typically profits from the ability to view arbitrarily o riented sections through the three-dimensional volume represented by the da ta. and from the capability to extract features of interest selectively and display perspective Views of them using methods of isocontouring or Volume rendering. Geological applications include interior examination of one-of- a-kind fossils or meteorites; textural analysis of igneous and metamorphic rocks. geometric description and quantification of porosity and permeabilit y in rocks and soils; and any other application demanding three-dimensional data that formerly required physical serial sectioning. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.