Hepatitis B and C among Berlin dental personnel: incidence, risk factors, and effectiveness of barrier prevention measures

A study of 215 Berlin dentists and 108 dental assistants recruited at the 1 997 Berlin Dental Society meeting assessed their occupational risk of hepat itis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, HBV vaccine cover age, and barrier prevention methods used. Among dentists, 7% (95% CI 4-11) and 0.5% (95% CT 0-3) had serological evidence of previous HBV and HCV infe ction, respectively. Similar figures for dental assistants were 1% (95% CI 0-5) and 0% (95% CI 0-4). Only 74% of dentists and 63% of dental assistants reported HBV vaccination. Approximately half always used gloves, eye glass es, or face masks. HBV unvaccinated dentists whose patients had HBV risk fa ctors had a greater risk of HBV infection; those who always wore face masks were at lower risk (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.02-0.98). These data indicate that am ong Berlin dentists, the HCV risk was lower than that of HBV and that face masks may have lowered the risk of HBV, The use of eye glasses or gloves di d not appear to lower the risk of HBV acquisition in this population.