Adhesion promoters for polythiophene

Polythiophene layers have been grafted onto silicon, iron, platinum and tit anium for applications as organic semi-conducting films on solid surfaces. In general, the adhesion between the polymer films and substrates is insuff icient for technical and microelectronic applications. The use of adhesion promoters between substrate and polymer and enables the formation of a stro ngly bonded composite. The polymers were synthesized by chemical or electro chemical surface polymerization.