Polarization preservation in diffusive scattering from in vivo turbid biological media: effects of tissue optical absorption in the exact backscattering direction

There is considerable recent interest in using polarized light to investiga te turbid biological media. Although tissue multiple scattering randomizes incident polarization states, there are circumstances when appreciable degr ee of polarization can be observed in diffusive scattering. Tn this study, we use polarization modulation and synchronous detection to examine in the exact backscattering direction the polarization properties of diffusely ref lected visible light from hands of human volunteers of varying pigmentation levels. The surviving polarization fraction increases with increasing pigm entation, likely due to preferential loss of highly scattered, long-pathlen gth photons: this mechanism lowers the average pathlength traversed by the detected light and hence increases the measured polarization preservation. This behavior is contrasted with the overall diffuse reflectance intensity, whose magnitude decreases with increasing absorption. These experiments de monstrate the important influences of medium optical properties on the pola rization characteristics of multiply scattered light, which must be further investigated to enable quantitative polarization evaluation of turbid medi a such as biological tissues. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights res erved.