The factorial stability and reliability of the 23-item s(hort)-EMBU previou
sly demonstrated to be satisfactory in samples of students from Greece, Gua
temala. Hungary and Italy, were extended with 791 students from East-German
y and Sweden. Previous findings on factorial validity, internal reliability
and correlations among scales were replicated. The 23-item form thus conti
nues to be recommended as a reliable functional equivalent to the early 81-
item EMBU, when the clinical and/or research context does nor adequately pe
rmit application of time-consuming test batteries.