Electrochemical approach for removal, separation and retrieval of CdTe andCdS films from PV module waste

This paper outlines a simple cost-effective recycling method to address the environmental issues, confronting the CdTe/CdS photovoltaic technology. Th e method uses a closed-loop electrochemical approach to remove, separate an d regenerate the semiconductor films on a new panel in a single compact sys tem, leaving no waste materials. Voltammetric and surface analytical method s elucidate the reaction mechanisms for the CdS-CdTe system, specifically f ocusing on separating the CdS from CdTe. The results lead to a self contain ed recycling system to disassemble the modules, dissolve the semiconductors and regenerate device quality CdTe and CdS precursors, analyze, purify and reuse the electrolyte. The recycling system is easily integrated in a prod uction line to manage waste disposal and increase module production yield. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.