Persistent attentional dysfunction in remitted bipolar disorder

Objectives: Although previous research has shown that attentional dysfuncti on is common during acute mood episodes in individuals with bipolar disorde r (BPD), few studies have examined whether attentional deficits are evident during periods of symptom stability. The goal of this study was to determi ne whether clinically stable individuals with BPD would have attentional di sturbances relative to healthy subjects. Methods: Fourteen patients with BPD and 12 healthy comparison subjects part icipated in the study, and were administered the Degraded Stimulus Continuo us Performance Test (DSCPT), Digit Span Distractibility Test (DSDT) and Gro oved Pegboard Test (GPT). Psychiatric symptoms were assessed with the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms. Medication side effects were measured with the Simpson Rating Scale. Results: The patient group responded significantly more slowly than the con trol group on the DSCPT (z = -2.52, p = 0.01) and the GPT (z = -3.37, p = 0 .001). There was a trend towards the BPD patients demonstrating impaired pe rceptual sensitivity on the DSCPT (z = 1.68, p = 0.09). The two groups did not differ on the DSDT (z = -1.06, p = 0.3). Poor performance on the GPT an d DSCPT target reaction time were not associated with symptom ratings or me dications. Conclusion: The findings suggest that impairments in fine motor skills and reaction time may be present in clinically stable patients with BPD, even a fter accounting for psychiatric symptoms and medication effects. Performanc e decrements on attentional tasks may be in part reflective of motor impair ments in patients with BPD.