Hypoxia induces the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene BNIP3

It has been shown that oxygen deprivation results in apoptotic cell death, and that hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and the tumor suppressor p53 pla y key roles in this process. However, the molecular mechanism through which hypoxia and HIF1 induce apoptosis is not clear. Here we show that the expr ession of pro-apoptotic gene BNIP3 is dramatically induced by hypoxia in va rious cell types, including primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. Overexpres sion of HIF1 alpha, but not p53, induces the expression of BNIP3, Overexpre ssion of BNIP3 leads to a rather unusual type of apoptosis, as no cytochrom e c leakage from mitochondria was detected and inhibitors of caspases were unable to prevent cell death. Taken together, these data suggest that HIF1- dependent induction of BNIP3 may play a significant role during hypoxia-ind uced cell death.