Dynamic risk analysis of permanent deformation of sea embankment

For evaluation of the permanent deformation of a sea embankment under stoch astic earthquake excitation, a robust dynamic risk analytical method is pre sented based on conventional permanent deformation analysis and stochastic seismic response analysis. This method can predict not only the mean value of maximum permanent deformation but also the reliability corresponding to different deformation control standards. The earthquake motion is modelled as a stationary Gaussian filtered white noise random process. The predicted average maximum horizontal permanent displacement is in agreement with the conventional result, Further studied are the reliability of permanent defo rmation due to stochastic wave details at one seismic motion level and the risk of permanent deformation due to stochastic seismic strength, i. e., th e maximum acceleration in a long period. Therefore, it is possible to make the optimal design in terms of safety and economy according to the importan ce of a sea embankment. It is suggested that the improved stochastic seismi c model that can catch the behavior of the non-stationary random process Fo r sea embankments should be further studied in future.