Preliminary analysis of the hysteresis phenomenon in electron cyclotron resonance plasma

The hysteresis phenomenon in electron cyclotron resonance plasma has been i nvestigated theoretically by solving the equations of the density and energ y balance of electrons and by taking the effects of several collisions such as ionization and recombination into account. The results show that multip le steady states in experimental measurements can be characterized by consi dering the fact that the energy balance function has three different real r oots in certain regions of parameters. One root represents a saddle point a nd other roots represent stable points, that is, the system is bistable. Th e effects of ionization and the energy transformation due to the collisions between the electron and neutral gas are also discussed.