Male bushcrickets favoured by parasitoid flies when acoustically more attractive for conspecific females (Orthoptera : Phanopteridae/Diptera : Tachinidae)

In many animals, males [MM] have traits that increase their attractiveness to females [FF]. Their signals, however, can also increase conspicuousness to predators. In the bushcricket Poecilimon thessalicus Brunner von Wattenw yl 1891, MM an attacked by the parasitoid ormiine fly Therobia leonidei (Me snil 1965) that locate them through their calls. MM, parasitized by the fly in a field experiment, attracted more conspecific FF in a previous phonota ctic experiment than unparasitized MM. This result suggests that calling be haviour, which increases a Nl's probability of attracting a F, also increas es his risk of attracting parasitoids. This supports the idea that sexual s election favours male adaptations that lead to high reproductive success ev en at the cost of increased predation.