M. Okuyama et al., THE FIRST OBSERVATION OF THERMAL TRANSFORMATION OF STRAINED PARACYCLOPHANE INTO THE DEWAR-ISOMER, Chemical communications, (14), 1997, pp. 1277-1278
The kinetic stabilization of the [4]paracyclophane structure in the 2,
5-bis(dicyanomethylene)-2-ene derivative permits the first observation
of thermal isomerization of a strained paracyclophane to the Dewar va
lence tautomer; the activation free energy for the process is 18.3 +/-
0.3 kcal mol(-1) at -20 degrees C.