Bedside invasive monitoring techniques in severe brain-injured patients

In patients with severe brain injury, brain edema, elevated intracranial pr essure, and cerebral ischemia are accountable for a significant morbidity a nd mortality. New invasive methods of monitoring attempt to foresee the phy siopathological mechanisms responsible for the production of secondary brai n injuries. The available methods for monitoring severely brain-injured pat ients, their potential usefulness, advantages, and disadvantages are review ed.