Biomechanical properties of calvarium prosthesis

There are many materials available for the reconstruction of calvarial defe cts. Even though their biomaterial properties are well known, the biomechan ical properties as part of the calvarium have not been investigated. In thi s article, calvarial implants are reviewed with their historic development into modern cranioplasty. Materials for trephined skulls are classified by their category. Individual parameters to describe their mechanical properti es are collected and revealed in detail. The laboratory testing methodology for cranioplasty material is introduced to understand each parameter. At l ast, we discuss an engineering technique to look into the implant behavior. Since there is no standard goal for the biomechanical and biomaterial poin t of view for cranioplasty, this article suggests the finite element method for evaluation of the implant behavior and the degree of damage upon the i mpact injury.