AN ADAPTIVE HIGH AND LOW-IMPEDANCE FAULT-DETECTION METHOD

An integrated high impedance fault (HIF) and low impedance fault(LIF) detection method is proposed in this paper. For a HIF detection, the p roposed technique is based on a number of characteristics of the HIF c urrent. These characteristics are: fault current magnitude, magnitude of the 3rd harmonic current, magnitude of the 5th harmonic current, th e angle of the third harmonic current, the angle difference between th e third harmonics current and the fundamental voltage, negative sequen ce current of HIF. These characteristics are identified by modeling th e distribution feeders in EMTP. Apart from these characteristics, the above ambient (average) negative sequence current is also considered. An adjustable block out region around the average load current is prov ided. The average load current is calculated at every 18000 cycles (5 minutes) interval. This adaptive feature will not only make the propos ed scheme more sensitive to the low fault current, but it will also pr event the relay from tripping during the normal load current. In this paper, the logic circuit required for implementing the proposed HIF de tection method is also included. With minimal modifications, the logic developed for the HIF detection can be applied for the low impedance fault(LIF) detection. A complete logic circuit which detects both the HIF and LIF is proposed. Using this combined logic, the need of instal ling separate devices for HIF and LIF detection can be eliminated.