Vm. Sorokin et al., Electric-field disturbance between the Earth and ionosphere during the injection of charged aerosols, GEOMAG AERO, 41(2), 2001, pp. 180-184
We have considered changes in the electric field and current between the Ea
rth and ionosphere caused by the external vertical currents that are genera
ted on the Earth's surface as a result of the injection of charged aerosols
from the Earth into the atmosphere and their vertical turbulent transport.
Similar processes may originate in regions with increased seismicity durin
g the preparation of earthquakes accompanied by enhanced injection of aeros
ols, as well as at tornado fronts where the turbulent vertical transport in
creases.