Electric-field disturbance between the Earth and ionosphere during the injection of charged aerosols

We have considered changes in the electric field and current between the Ea rth and ionosphere caused by the external vertical currents that are genera ted on the Earth's surface as a result of the injection of charged aerosols from the Earth into the atmosphere and their vertical turbulent transport. Similar processes may originate in regions with increased seismicity durin g the preparation of earthquakes accompanied by enhanced injection of aeros ols, as well as at tornado fronts where the turbulent vertical transport in creases.