Wh. White et al., Saccharomyces cerevisiae is capable of de novo pantothenic acid biosynthesis involving a novel pathway of beta-alanine production from spermine, J BIOL CHEM, 276(14), 2001, pp. 10794-10800
Pantothenic acid and beta -alanine are metabolic intermediates in coenzyme
A biosynthesis, Using a functional screen in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevi
siae, a putative amine oxidase, encoded by FMS1, was found to be rate-limit
ing for beta -alanine and pantothenic acid biosynthesis. Overexpression of
FMS1 caused excess pantothenic acid to be excreted into the medium, whereas
deletion mutants required beta -alanine or pantothenic acid for growth. Fu
rthermore, yeast genes ECM31 and YIL145c, which both have structural homolo
gy to genes of the bacterial pantothenic acid pathway, were also required f
or pantothenic acid biosynthesis. The homology of FMS1 to FAD-containing am
ine oxidases and its role in beta -alanine biosynthesis suggested that its
substrates are polyamines. Indeed, we found that all the enzymes of the pol
yamine pathway in yeast are necessary for beta -alanine biosynthesis; spe1
Delta, spe2 Delta, spe3 Delta, and spe4 Delta are all beta -alanine auxotro
phs, Thus, contrary to previous reports, yeast is naturally capable of pant
othenic acid biosynthesis, and the beta -alanine is derived from methionine
via a pathway involving spermine. These findings should facilitate the ide
ntification of further enzymes and biochemical pathways involved in polyami
ne degradation and pantothenic acid biosynthesis in S. cerevisiae and raise
questions about these pathways in other organisms.